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Household income was calculated by dividing the household monthly income by the square root of the household size and log-transformed

Ex-smoker Hosseini For Seyed Reza Hosseini, a 49-year-old Iranian expat working as a sewage treatment plant operator in Dubai, smoking began as a way to pass time and stay awake during long, lonely night shifts

Results Effects of CSE on the viability of human lung epithelial cells Tandem mass spectroscopic analysis was performed to validate the method of CSE extraction

2 The secondhand smoke exposure variable available in the PATH study used in the current study asked respondents about their exposure to tobacco smoke only in the past 7 days and did not capture secondhand smoke exposure during childhood

One particularly notable change has been the pervasive marketing of liquids with protonated nicotine, also known as nicotine salt, which is made by adding an acid to free-base nicotine